How to find a file in linux?
Answers
find /home/username/ -name "*.err"
Common Linux Find Commands and SyntaxPermalink
find expressions take the following form:
find options starting/path expression The options attribute will control the behavior and optimization method of the find process.The starting/path attribute will define the top level directory where find begins filtering.The expression attribute controls the tests that search the directory hierarchy to produce output.
Consider the following example command:
find -O3 -L /var/www/ -name "*.html"
This command enables the maximum optimization level (-O3) and allows find to follow symbolic links (-L). find searches the entire directory tree beneath /var/www/ for files that end with .html.
Basic ExamplesPermalink
CommandDescriptionfind . -name testfile.txtFind a file called testfile.txt in current and sub-directories.find /home -name *.jpgFind all .jpg files in the /home and sub-directories.find . -type f -emptyFind an empty file within the current directory.find /home -user exampleuser -mtime 7 -iname ".db"Find all .db files (ignoring text case) modified in the last 7 days by a user named exampleuser.
Options and Optimization for FindPermalink
The default configuration for find will ignore symbolic links (shortcut files). If you want find to follow and return symbolic links, you can add the -L option to the command, as shown in the example above.
find optimizes its filtering strategy to increase performance. Three user-selectable optimization levels are specified as -O1, -O2, and -O3. The -O1optimization is the default and forces find to filter based on filename before running all other tests.
Optimization at the -O2 level prioritizes file name filters, as in -O1, and then runs all file-type filtering before proceeding with other more resource-intensive conditions. Level -O3 optimization allows find to perform the most severe optimization and reorders all tests based on their relative expense and the likelihood of their success.
CommandDescription-O1(Default) filter based on file name first.-O2File name first, then file-type.-O3Allow find to automatically re-order the search based on efficient use of resources and likelihood. of success-maxdepth XSearch current directory as well as all sub-directories X levels deep.-inameSearch without regard for text case.-notReturn only results that do not match the test case.-type fSearch for files.-type dSearch for directories.
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strings of text within files. If you are looking for a file that contains a certain phrase or string of characters, you can use the grep command. A basic grep command is formatted as follows:
grep -r -i "search query" /path/to/directory/
The -r sets the search to "recursive", so it will search the current directory and all subdirectories for any file that contains the query string.
The -i indicates that the query is not case-sensitive. If you want to force the search to pay attention to case, omit the -i operator.
2
Cut out the extra text. When you perform a grep search as above, you'll see the file name along with the text with the matching query highlighted. You can hide the matching text and just display the file names and paths by including the following:
grep -r -i "search query" /path/to/directory/ | cut -d: -f1
3
Hide error messages. The grep command will return an error when it tries to access folders without the correct permissions or runs into empty folders. You can send the error messages to /dev/null, which will hide them from the output.[5]