How to find basicity and acidity of a given compound?
Answers
Example: HCl gets split into → H+ + Cl-
In aqueous medium, HCl + H2O → H3O+ + Cl-. Here hydronium ion also refers the H+ ions as it can break into water and H+ ion.
H3O+ ←→ H2O + H+
The number of hydrogen(hydronium - H3O+) ion produced = 1 = Basicity of an acid.
Similarly, sulphuric acid(H2SO4) has 2, phosphoric acid(H3PO4) has 3, which shows that the basicity of the acids is equal to the hydrogen atom present in the acid. Either by simply knowing the acid or by writing its dissociating equation, the basicity of an acid can be calculated.
For phosphoric acid, it can dissociate in the following three ways.
Note: In organic acids such as acetic acid(CH3COOH), benzoic acid(C6H5COOH) etc.., not all hydrogen atom undergoes dissociation.
CH3COOH + H2O ←→ CH3COO- + H3O+
Answer:
The basicity of acid is equivalent to the number of H+ produced by an acid when it gets ionized in the aqueous medium.
Example: HCl gets split into → H+ + Cl-
In aqueous medium, HCl + H2O → H3O+ + Cl-. Here hydronium ion also refers to the H+ ions as they can break into water and H+ ion.
H3O+ ←→ H2O + H+
The number of hydrogen(hydronium - H3O+) ions produced = 1 = Basicity of an acid.
Similarly, sulphuric acid(H2SO4) has 2, phosphoric acid(H3PO4) has 3, which shows that the basicity of the acids is equal to the hydrogen atom present in the acid. Either by simply knowing the acid or by writing its dissociating equation, the basicity of an acid can be calculated.
For phosphoric acid, it can dissociate in the following three ways.
Note: Inorganic acids such as acetic acid(CH3COOH), benzoic acid(C6H5COOH) etc.., not all hydrogen atom undergoes dissociation.
CH3COOH + H2O ←→ CH3COO- + H3O+