how to find hcf through trick
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Answer:
Shortcuts for HCF:
There are two types of question usually asked in the examination based on H.C.F.
TYPE – 1
When various number a, b, c is divided by number N and gives the same remainder r in each case. Then H.C.F. of a, b, c is given by the H.C.F. of (a – b) or (b – a) and (b–c) or (c – b) and (c –a) or (a –c). Let’s understand with help of example
Example 1: Find the largest possible value of N if all three numbers 59, 77,104 when divided by N leaves same remainder?
Solution: As per given
59 = N x a + r………………………..(1)
77 = N x b + r………………………..(2)
104 =N x c + r………………………..(3)
Subtract equation (1) from (2)
77 – 59 =18 = N x (b -a)……………………..(4)
Subtract equation (2) from (3)
104 – 77=27 = N x (c – b)…………………….(5)
Subtract equation (1) from (3)
104 -59 =45 = N x (c – a)……………………..(6)
From this we can conclude that the N has to be the factor of 18, 27,45
Now we are asked for the largest number so we will take the H.C.F. of 18, 27, 45 and which is 9 .So 9 is the largest number which divides 59, 77, 104 and gives same remainder in each case.
TYPE – 2
When the number is divided by various numbers a, b, c and gives different remainders p, q, r.
Example 2: Find the largest number N, which divides, 162,292,325 and gives remainders 1, 5 and 3 respectively?
Solution: As per given information
162 = N x a + 1………………………..(1)
292 = N x b + 5………………………..(2)
325 = N x c + 3………………………..(3)
Since the three numbers are 162, 292 and 325 and the remainders are 1, 5, 3 so we can say that the number is totally divisible with 161, 287, 322. So finding largest number, which divides 162,292,325, is equivalent to finding H.C.F of 161, 287 and 322.Since HCF (161, 287, 322)=7 so the 7 is the number which when divided by the 162,292,325 gives the remainder 1,5 and 3 respectively.
Some points to remember
1. LCM x HCF of two numbers is equal to the product of numbers.
2. If HCF (H) of two numbers is given, then the numbers can be assume as HCF x A and HCF x B (A and B are integers)
3. HCF of a given set of numbers is always a factor of LCM