how to minimize after effects of Earthquake
Answers
Answer:
We cannot prevent natural earthquakes from occurring but we can significantly mitigate their effects by identifying hazards, building safer structures, and providing education on earthquake safety. By preparing for natural earthquakes we can also reduce the risk from human induced earthquakes.
Answer:
Effect of earthquake is considered as forces and these forces are used for analysis and design of structures.
An earthquake is basically a mixture of several waves containing vertical and horizontal oscillation of earth surface. This oscillatory motion is captured in seismograph. Among these waves there are primary waves, secondary waves and surface waves. The earthquake is detected by the instruments by the help of primary waves because they are fastest among them. But the damage is caused by the surface Due to this motion of the ground, the structures experience an inertial force in the opposite direction, the kind of force you experience when you are sitting in a bus and sudden application of brakes makes you to move forward.
Similarly all structures move or appears to move in opposite direction of ground motion due to these inertial forces. These forces on structures are converted as mass of building into acceleration. The acceleration is same as the acceleration of ground with in that short period of earthquake. Even though this acceleration is small but the mass is very high and makes the magnitude of the force, high. These forces on the buildings are considered to be acting horizontally while the loads due to gravity are considered to be acting vertically on the structure.
Explanation:
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