How to separate ammonium chloride from common salt
Answers
Preparing the mixture of ammonium chloride, sand and common salt:
Take a small quantity of a mixture of sand, common salt and ammonium chloride in a china dish.
Separation of Ammonium Chloride:
Real Lab Procedure:
Place the china dish on a wire gauze that is placed over a tripod stand.Cover the china dish with an inverted glass funnel and plug in a little cotton at the opening of the stem of the funnel.On heating the mixture in the china dish, white fumes evolve and rise inside the funnel.Stop heating when the white fumes stop rising and allow the funnel to cool.After cooling, remove the funnel from the china dish and using a spatula, transfer the solid ammonium chloride sticking on the walls of the funnel into a watch glass.
Inference:
Ammonium chloride sublime and can be separated from the mixture of salt and sand by the process of sublimation.
Separation of sand particles:
Real Lab Procedure:
Transfer the contents of the china dish into a beaker and pour some distilled water into it and stir it well using a glass rod.Filter the contents of the funnel into another beaker.Transfer the sand particles left on the filter paper into a watch glass using a spatula.
Inference:
Sand can be separated from the mixture of sand and salt by dissolving salt in water and then by filtration.
Separation of salt:
Real Lab Procedure:
Transfer the filtrate in the beaker into a china dish and strongly heat it.After some time, the salt is left as a residue in the china dish; transfer it into another watch glass.Finally label the three components that have been separated from the mixture.
Inference:
Salt can be separated through the process of evaporation
Answer:
Sublimation is the process of transition of a substance from the solid to the gaseous state without passing through the liquid state. To separate mixtures that contain a sublimate with volatile component from a non-sublimate impurity, the sublimation process is used. Ammonium chloride changes directly from solid to gaseous state on heating. The gaseous form of ammonium chloride can be cooled easily to get a pure solid. Other examples of solids which sublime are camphor, naphthalene, anthracene, iodine, etc. The remaining components of the mixture are salt and sand. Salt is soluble in water and sand is a non-water soluble substance that can be separated by the process of filtration. The insoluble sand remains in the filter paper while the filtrate contains the dissolved salt. Evaporation technique is used to separate salt from the filtrate. Common salt does not decompose during evaporation. As the water evaporates, fewer and fewer water molecules are present to keep the salt particles apart. The salt therefore recrystallizes and can be collected.