How to study the anomalous behaviour of water by using Hope's apparatus? (in two sentences)
Answers
Anomalous Expansion of the water is just the simple experiment done from Hope's Process. This is the easy method. I have discussed it below. Have a look to it.
The Hope's experiment is Clearly shown below.
Experiments ⇒
Requirements of the Experiments ⇒ It consist of a high metallic lattice cylinder provided with two side openings, one near the high top and other near the bottom, fitted with thermometers. The middle portion of the part of cylinder is surrounded with a cylindrical trough containing a freezing mixture of ice and salt. Also, The cylinder is fitted with pure water at room temperature.
Observations noticed in the Experiments ⇒ At Starting both the thermometers shows same temperature.
After this, First the thermometer recorded by lower thermometer starts decreasing and finally becomes steady at 4° C or 277 K, while the temperature recorded in upper thermometer remains unchanged during this time.
After the time progresses, then the temperature recorded by the lower thermometer remains constant at 4° C. and the upper thermometer , near the top records continuous fall in temperature up to 0° C or 273 K, and then it becomes steady.
Results drawn from the Experiments ⇒ The expansion of water when cooled from 4° C to 0°C is scientifically anomalous expansion of water.
A beaker filled with water is cooled along with the Hope's device an hour before conducting the experiment.
A cooling mixture is prepared using crushed ice and kitchen salt.
The Hope's device is isolated and two thermometers are inserted into the two holes of the apparatus respectively.
Pre-cooled water is filled in the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is filled with the cooling mixture.
The temperatures are observed using the thermometers.