how to use different types of pencil
Answers
Answer:
To start with the basics, designations like 4H, 2H, 2B, 4B, etc are just indicators of how hard the pencil lead is. The spectrum is usually read from B to H, such as 9B, 8B, 7B, 6b, 5B, 4B, 3B, 2B, 1B, HB, 1H, 2H, 3H, etc. The further down from 9B to 9H you go, the harder the lead gets.
OK, so B's are soft, and H's are hard. But how and when should I use each? This is where the question gets a little bit tricky, as there are many different reasons you might choose one hardness over another.
Generally speaking, harder leads are used for roughing out your drawings. When you're just laying down a sketch or outline for a drawing, harder lead goes down much lighter (depending on how high the number of H), and is easier to erase afterwards. Harder leads can also be used if very soft shading is needed in spots.
Softer leads can be used for "inking" drawings, or darkening the final lines to a more finished state. B pencils are functionally the exact opposite of H pencils in that they go down on paper very dark, and are typically much harder to erase. The softest leads (anything past 6B), can achieve a darkness comparable to drawing with charcoal.
Again, the rules for which pencil to use when can vary quite a bit, and your choice will be especially dependent on what type of drawing you're doing. If you're doing a gesture drawing, softer darker pencils (4B, 6B, 8B) are often the way to go as they glide across the paper quite easily and are far less likely to tear the paper if you're moving your hand quickly. If you're doing a still-life drawing and are going for extreme realism, you'll probably use pencils from across the entire spectrum in order to accomplish all the different levels of shading that sort of drawing requires. If you're just sketching or doodling, you can choose whichever you're most comfortable working with. Some artists will make deliberate choices to use darker or lighter leads depending on how dark the subject is. For example, when drawing a crow, I would probably choose to use something a little darker. When drawing a yellow bell pepper, I would maybe use something a little lighter.
A word of warning when choosing harder leads: you should never have to press hard onto the paper to achieve the darkness you want. If you have to press hard, you should be using something softer. The reason for this is that pressing hard (especially with a hard lead) results in grooves being formed in the paper, which will create noticeable white marks in your drawing when you try to work over them. These marks are also virtually impossible to remove. So if a line is ever not coming out dark enough, do NOT push harder, simply switch to the next softest pencil and try again.
tl;dr version: Pencils are like a number line, from 9B to 9H. B means soft, H means hard; the higher the number the harder/softer the pencil is. Use H pencils when you want lighter lines/shading, use B when you want darker lines/shading.
Answer:
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