Question

How was it shown that an atom has lot of empty space within it

Answer 1

Atoms has lot of empty spaces was shown by Rutherford's experiment. Rutherford bombarded a thin foil of metal as Gold nearly 100 mm thick, with a beam of fast moving α-particles. ... It was observed that Most of the α-particles passed foil without deflecting which shows that an atom has lot of empty space inside it.

Answer 2

Atoms has lot of empty spaceswas shown by Rutherford's experiment. Rutherford bombarded a thin foil of metal as Gold nearly 100 mm thick, with a beam of fast moving α-particles. ... It was observed that Most of the α-particles passed foil without deflecting whichshows that an atom has lot of empty space inside it.
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