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How was masand system useful for the development of sikhism ?

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Answered by Prakhar2908
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This Manji system had been introduced by the Third Guru, Guru Amar Das(1479 - 1579). The new nomenclature arose from the Sikh custom of designating the Guru as Sacha patshah, the True King, as opposed to the temporal king. The functionaries, who acted on behalf of the Guru in spreading the Sikh teaching aided also in collecting, on his behalf, tithes and offerings from followers, came to be known as masands in imitation of masnadi `all, an imperial title for ranked nobles. Guru Ram Das introduced the institution of Masands (representative of the Gurus at various places). Guru Arjan Dev Ji added to it the principle of a tenth of an individual's income payable for the Guru’s Langar (Common Kitchen) and for other acts of benevolence on behalf of the poor.

 Masand System 

Started By:Guru Ram Das . Guru Arjun DevList of Masands:Bhai Langah . Baba Makhan Shah Labana . Bhai Jetha . Bhai LalAbolished By:Guru Gobind SinghRelated Artices:Manji System

The fifth Nanak, Guru Arjan, in order to meet increasing costs of the langar, and the hospice -- providing free accommodation to the visitors -- and also the heavy costs of construction of the Amrit Sarovar (pool of nectar) and the Harimandar Sahib (the Divine Temple), in Amritsar, introduced Dasvandh (a semi-mandatory requirement) for Sikhs to contribute voluntarily, ten percent of their income for the charitable causes. Occupants of Manjees were then called Masands, and several more Masands were appointed at places far and near.

The masand system helped in the expansion of the Sikh faith and in knitting together centers established in far flung places. The beginnings of such centres went back to the time of Guru Nanak who had travelled extensively preaching his message, his disciples setting up in different places dharamsalas in which to meet together in Sangat or holy fellowship to recite his hymns to activate the sangatsm different parts, Guru Amar Das had established twenty two (19 Men and 3 Women) manfis with several local groups affiliated to each.

Guru Arjan further consolidated the system by appointing masands who were invested with greater authority and with more varied religious and social functions. Masands were chosen for their piety and devotion. Besides preaching the Sikh tenets in their areas, they visited the Guru at least once every year. They were accompanied on such occasions by groups of Sikhs, from amongst those under their guidance. They carried with them offerings from the disciples for the langar, or community kitchen, the digging of tanks and for other philanthropic works. To help them with their preaching work, masands had their own deputies known as metis.

Masands - the Deceivers

The masands who enjoyed the status of the Guru`s own representatives served to spread the Sikh faith and consolidate the ecclesiastical structure. But as time passed, they became neglectful of their religious office and took to personal aggrandizement. During the time of Guru Tegh Bahadur, the seat of the Master and the disciples, shifted to Kiratpur as Amritsar was already in the hands of masands; now impostors and priests who saw the money to be got by priest-craft at the Hari Mandar. Since the time of Guru Arjun Dev, there had sprung up a kind of civic administration, which collected the offerings of people at large for the upkeep of the Sikh cities, temples and tanks.

Abolishing Masand System

Guru Gobind Singh (1666 - 1708), the last of the Gurus, charged them with corruption and oppression. Those found guilty were punished. Guru Gobind Singh abolished the institution of masands. He, as sang the poet Bhai Gurdas II, converted the sangat into the Khalsa, i.e. directly his own, eliminating the intermediary masands.




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