:) How was nucleus discovered? What
were the conclusion drawn by Ernest
Rutherford by his experiment? OR
Answers
Explanation:
Rutherford drew the following conclusions regarding the structure of atom:
(i) Most of the space in the atom is empty as most of the particles passed through the foil undeflected.
(ii) A few positively charged particles were deflected. The deflection must be due to enormous repulsive force showing that the positive charge of the atom is not spread throughout the atom as Thomson had presumed. The positive charge has to be concentrated in a very small volume that repelled and deflected the positively charged particles.
(iii) Calculations by Rutherford showed that the volume occupied by the nucleus is negligibly small as compared to the total volume of the atom.
On the basis of above observations and conclusions, Rutherford proposed the nuclear model of atom (after the discovery of protons).
According to this model :
(i) The positive charge and most of the mass of the atom was densely concentrated in extremely small region. This very small portion of the atom was called nucleus by Rutherford.
(ii) The nucleus is surrounded by electrons that move around the nucleus with a very high speed in circular paths called orbits. Thus, Rutherford's model of atom resembles the solar system in which the nucleus plays the role of sun and the electrons that of revolving planets.
(iii) Electrons and the nucleus are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction.
Answer:
plz mark me as brainliest
Explanation:
Conclusion of Rutherford's scattering experiment:
Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.
Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space.
A very small fraction of α-particles were deflected by very large angles, indicating that all the positive charge and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom.
From the data he also calculated that the radius of the nucleus is about 105 times less than the radius of the atom.
Rutherford's Nuclear Model Of Atom
On the basis of his experiment, Rutherford put forward the model of an atom, which had the following features:
There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus. Nearly all the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus.
The electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.