Question

How was philip sidney brought out the idealism of renaissance in his works?

Answer 1

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Sir Philip Sidney (b. 1554–d. 1586), was famed in his lifetime as a courtier, diplomat, patron, poet, and soldier. He was born to Sir Henry Sidney, Lord President of the Marches of Wales and later Lord Deputy of Ireland, and his wife Mary, who was sister to Queen Elizabeth’s favorite, the Earl of Leicester. In 1564 he entered Shrewsbury School, and he went on to Eton, Oxford, and Gray’s Inn. In August 1572, beginning a tour of Europe, he survived the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre at Paris, escaped to Heidelberg, and traveled through France, Germany, Austria, Bohemia, and Italy until 1575. He was mentored by the Burgundian diplomat Hubert Languet, who introduced him to many important

statesmen and scholars. In 1577, Queen Elizabeth sent him on a diplomatic mission to celebrate the accession of the new Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolph II. In the brief period between the late 1570s and his death in 1586, Sidney produced a dazzling oeuvre remarkable for its innovations, its variety, and its influence both on literature in the Early Modern period and on the development of modern literature. Soon after he returned from the embassy, he wrote The Lady of May as a royal entertainment. Probably by 1579 Sidney was writing the work we now call the Old Arcadia, a witty pastoral romance that also showcased his experiments with English verse. He revised the Old Arcadia repeatedly, probably well into 1582 and perhaps later. Likely he also composed most of his Certain Sonnets in the later 1570s into the early 1580s. In 1581–1582 he was also at work on his celebrated sonnet sequence, Astrophil and Stella. Although Sidney was away from Elizabeth’s court for considerable parts of 1579 and 1580, he was prominent in Elizabethan tilts and court entertainments after 1580. Sidney likely also composed The Defence of Poesy, the first significant work of literary theory in English, sometime between 1580 and 1584. He was knighted in January 1583 and married in September that year to Frances, daughter of Sir Francis Walsingham, a powerful privy councilor and one of the queen’s spy-masters. Between 1581 and
probably 1584, he had begun revising his Old Arcadia into an epic romance, which, though unfinished, nevertheless became the most influential work of prose fiction in English for nearly 200 years: the New Arcadia. He likewise began a metrical translation of the psalms, probably with his sister. He also failed to finish these. In late 1585, as English support for the Dutch revolt against Phillip II of Spain intensified, Sidney shipped out to take over the governorship of Flushing (Dutch: Vlissingen) in the Low Countries. A year later, he died of wounds sustained in a raid against a Spanish supply train outside the town of Zutphen, and he is remembered by the Dutch even today.