How. was. the administrative system. during. the. rajput age
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About the Rajputs
They are the descendants of Lord Rama (Surya vamsa) or Lord Krishna (Chandra vamsa) or the Hero who sprang from the sacrificial fire (Agni Kula theory).
Rajputs belonged to the early medieval period.
The Rajput Period (647A.D- 1200 A.D.)
From the death of Harsha to the 12th century, the destiny of India was mostly in the hands of various Rajput dynasties.
They belong to the ancient Kshatriya families.
There were nearly 36 Rajput’ clans. The major clans were:
The Palas of Bengal
The Chauhans of Delhi and Ajmer
The Rathors of Kanauj
The Guhilas or Sisodiyas of Mewar
The Chandellas of Bundelkhand
The Paramaras of Malwa
The Senas of Bengal
The Solankis of Gujarat
Pala Dynasty
The Tomars were the feudatories of the Pratiharas.
They founded the city of Delhi in 736 A.D.
Mahipala Tomar captured Thaneshwar, Hansi and Nagarkot in 1043 A.D.
Chauhans captured Delhi in the middle of the 12th century and the Tomars became their feudatories.
The Chauhans of Delhi and Ajmer
The Chauhans declared their independence in the 1101 century at Ajmer and they were the feudatories of the Pratiharas.
They captured Ujjain from the Paramaras of Malwa and Delhi in the early part of the 12th century.
They shifted their capital to Delhi.
Prithviraj Chauhan was the most important ruler of this dynasty.
Rathors of Kanauj (1090-1194 A.D.)
The Rathors established themselves on the throne of Kanauj from 1090 to 1194 A.D.
Jaichand was the last great ruler of this dynasty.
He was killed in the battle of Chandwar in 1194A.D. by Muhammad of Ghori.
The Chandellas of Bundelkhand
Established them in the 9th century.
Mahoba was the capital of Chandella during the period of Chief Yasovarman
Kalinjar was their important fort.
The Chandellas built the most famous Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in 1050 A.D. and a number of beautiful temples at Khajuraho.
Paramal the last Chandella ruler was defeated by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1203A.D.
The Guhllas or Sisodiyas of Mewar
The Rajput ruler Bappa Rawal was the founder of the Guhila or the Sisodiya dynasty and Chittor was its capital.
During the period of Rawal Ratan Singh of Mewar.
In 1307 A.D.Ala-ud-din Khilji invaded his territory and defeated him.
Rana Sangha and Maharana Prata the Sisodiya rulers gave a tough fight to the Mughal rulers of India.
The Paramaras of Malwa
The Paramaras were also the feudatories of Pratiharas. They declared their independence in the 10thcentury and Dhara was their capital.
Raja Bhoja (1018-1069)
He was the most famous ruler of this period.
He constructed a beautiful lake more than 250 sq. miles near Bhopal.
He set up a college at Dhara for the study of Sanskrit Literature.
The reign of the Paramaras came to an end with the invasion of Ala-ud-din Khilji.
Nature of the Rajputs
The Rajputs were great warriors and chivalrous by nature.
They believed in protecting the women and the weak.
Religion
The Rajputs were staunch followers of Hinduism.
They also patronized Buddhism and Jainism.
During their period the Bhakti Cult started.
Government
The Rajput government was outdated in character.
Each kingdom was divided into a large number of Jagirs held by the Jagirdars.
Major literary works of this period
Kalhana’s Rajatarangin
Jayadeva’s Gita Govindam
Somadeva’s Kathasaritasagar
Chand Bardai, the court poet of Prithviraj Chauhan, wrote Prithviraj Raso in which he refers to the military exploits of Prithviraj Chauhan.
Bhaskara Charya wrote Siddhanta Shiromani, a book on astronomy.
Rajasekhara
The court poet of Mahendrapala and Mahipala.
His best known works were Karpu ramanjari , Bala and Ramayana.
Art and Architecture
During this period
Mural paintings and Miniature paintings were popular.
Temples at Khajuraho
Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneshwar
The Sun Temple at Konark
The Dilwara Temple at Mount Abu
End of the Rajput Power
There was no strong military power during the Rajput period to keep the warring princes in check and to coordinate their activities against foreign invasions.
Some popular terms
Jauhar: A mass suicide of women in order to escape defilement at the hands of foreign victors.
Gita Govindam: Song of the cowherd
Rajatarangini: ‘River of Kings’
Kathasaritasagara: ‘Ocean of tales’
