Question

How was the unification of italy achieved in the 19th century ? Give five points

Answer 1

The French invasion of the Italian peninsula and subsequent conversion of the Italian states into republics sparked a sense of nationalism amongst the French. After the downfall of the Napoleon Empire, several of the Italian states were successfully reconstituted but others retained the conservative regimes. The idea of unification started in the 1920’s and secret societies that were anti-conservatism and pro-unification started revolutions. Even though groups such as “Young Italy” under Mazzini and the “red-shirts” under Garibaldi notably attempted to unify Italy, it was Cavour, the prime minister of Sardinia who succeeded at the push.

Cavour strategically allied with Britain and France for the Crimean war and the Franco-Austrian war. By doing so, he established a relationship with nations that had military strength which would come in handy later on.In fact, France was given Nice and Savoy as a token for the support it offered Italy. Cavour craftily instigated a war with Austria but with the help of France managed to emerge victorious. Finally, Italy allied with Prussia in the Austro-Prussian war of 1866 and took over Rome and the Papal States that were under the guard of France who was at this time engaged in a different war. Austria was defeated paving way for the completion of the unification of Italy.

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