Question

How was the word chintz derived? Why was it in great demand throughout Europe and England?

Answer 1

How was the word chintz derived?

The word calico is derived from the name of the Indian city Calicut to which it had a manufacturing association. In contemporary language the word "chintz" and "chintzy" can be used to refer to clothing or furnishings which are vulgar or florid in appearance.

Why was it in great demand throughout Europe and England?

• Wool and silk makers in England began protesting against the import of Indian cotton textiles.  
• In 1720, the British government enacted a legislation banning the use of printed cotton textiles – chintz – in England. This Act was known as the Calico Act.
• Unable to compete with Indian textiles, English producers wanted a secure market within the country by preventing the entry of Indian textiles.  
• Competition with Indian textiles led to a search for technological innovation in England. In 1764, the spinning jenny was invented by John Kaye which increased the productivity of the traditional spindles.
• The invention of the steam engine by Richard Arkwright in 1786 revolutionised cotton textile weaving. Cloth could now be woven in immense quantities and cheaply too.
• Indian textile began to decline with the development of cotton industries in Britain and by the beginning of the 19th century, English made cotton textiles successfully ousted Indian goods from their traditional markets in Africa, America and Europe.
• Indian weavers lost their employment.

Answer 2

The term chintz is derived from Hindi word chhint meaning, a cloth with small and colourful flowery designs.

It was in great demand throughout Europe and England because of their exquisite floral designs, fine texture and relative cheapness.

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