Question

How was urdu developed as a rich literature source​

Answer 1

Answer:

Urdu (/ˈʊərduː/;[10] Urdu: اُردُو‎, ALA-LC: Urdū) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia.[11][12] It is the official national language and lingua franca of Pakistan.[13] In India, Urdu is an Eighth Schedule language whose status, function, and cultural heritage is recognized by the Constitution of India;[14][15] it has some form of official status in several Indian states.[note 1][13] In Nepal, Urdu is a registered regional dialect.[16] Urdu has been described as a Persianised standard register of the Hindustani language.[17][18] Urdu and Hindi share a common Indo-Aryan vocabulary base and very similar phonology and syntax, making them mutually intelligible in colloquial speech.[19][20]

UrduUrdu became a literary language in the 18th-century and two similar standard forms came into existence in Delhi and Lucknow; since 1947 a third standard has arisen in Karachi.[21][22] Deccani, an older form used in the south, became a court language of the Deccan Sultanates in the 16th century.[23][22]

Urdu was chosen as the language of East India Company rule across northern India in 1837 when the Company chose it to replace Persian, the court language of the Indo-Islamic empires.[24] Religious, social, and political factors arose during the colonial period that advocated for a distinction between Urdu and Hindi, leading to the Hindi–Urdu controversy.[25]

According to Nationalencyklopedin's 2010 estimates, Urdu is the 21st most spoken first language in the world, with approximately 66 million who speak it as their native language.[26] According to Ethnologue's 2018 estimates, Urdu, is the 11th most widely spoken language in the world,[27] with 170 million total speakers, including those who speak it as a second language