Question

how we find valency of Mg

Answer 1

Mg electronic configuration is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2.
Valence electrons means the electrons present in the outermost shell. In mg 3s is the outermost shell. Therefore it has 2 valence electrons.

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Answer 2

First do the electronic configuration of Mg
then the number in last shell is it's valency
if it is above 4 then subtract it from 8 and it's the valency
but if it is below 4 then it is the valency ok
now atomic number of Mg is 12
so it's electronic configuration will be (2,8,2)
and it's valency is 2 ok
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