How were Spartan and Athenian governments different?
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Sparta was ruled by two kings, who ruled until they died or were forced out of office. Athens was ruled by archons, who wereelected annually. Thus, because both parts of Athens' government had leaders who were elected, Athens is said to have been the birthplace of democracy. Spartan life was simple.
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Spartan: Sparta had a highly unusual system of government. Two kings ruled the city, but a 28-member 'council of elders' limited their powers. These men were recruited from the highest social class, the aristocratic Spartiates.
Athens: Athens was direct, rather than representative: any adult male citizen over the age of 20 could take part, and it was a duty to do so. The officials of the democracy were in part elected by the Assembly and in large part chosen by lottery in a process called sortition.
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