How were the ethnic problem solved in beligum and sri lanka ??
Answers
Belgium is a European country so they adopted a civilized and humanized path. They respected their diversity and adopted a part where both can live together within the same country. They took following steps through constitutional reforms-
➡The number of Dutch and French speaking ministers should be equal in Central Government.
➡Some specific laws require majority of each linguistic groups to come in effect.
➡Some powers of Central Government have been given to state government and state government does not remain the subordinate of the central government .
➡Capital city has a separate government because both governmentd have equal representation.
➡They also have provision of third tier of government as community government elected by people of same language in States.
After independence in 1948, the Sinhala sought to secure dominance on the entire country. The democratically elected government adopted a series of majoritarianism.They took following steps:-
➡Sinhala was declared official language of the country
➡The government framed preferential policies that favoured Sinhala applicants for government job
➡They promoted only Buddhism religion and forced everyone to practice it.
As a result of distrust between both communities, it turned into Civil war. It resulted into killing of thousands of families and the social ,economical and cultural life of Sri Lankans was crushed.
➡️ Dutch speaking and french speaking ministers are equal in the central government.
➡️ Some of the powers of central government have been given to state government. The state government are not subordinate to the central government.
➡️ Brussels has a separate government were both the communities has equal rep representation.
➡️ There is another government called community government was elected by the peoples belongings to Dutch, French and Germans.
➡️ The Sinhala community established it's supremacy by pursuing the policy of Majoritariansm and by adopting various majors like the Srilankan Constitution which did not give recognition to the majority group and instead recognised Sinhala as the official language.
➡️ An island country comprising of Sinhala community who are in majority and Tamil who are in minority.
➡️ The tamils there, have been deprived of their basic civil political rights and have been the victims of discrimination.
➡️ State policies also sought to give preference to the Sinhala community in terms of job and educational institutions. Tamils dominated regions have been deprived of autonomy.