How were the new states created in india after independence
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Uttar Pradesh (1947): The state has been a confluence of culture, religions, and art. Initially, the Oudh and Agra regions were united by the British government, calling it the United Provinces. In 1950, it was renamed Uttar Pradesh.
West Bengal (1947): The victory of the Battle of Plassey (1757) acted as the gateway into India for Britishers. The battle also secured their entry into Bengal, which was their administrative capital for a long time. In 1905, Bengal was partitioned into East and West Bengal. However, by 1911, it was reunited. The infamous Hindu-Muslim riots in the run-up to partition ended up hastening the final division of Bengal.
Rajasthan (1948): Known as the Rajputana under British India, the princely states in the area came together to form the United State of Rajasthan, in 1948. In May 1949, it was renamed United state of Greater Rajasthan and finally, in 1956, the state of Rajasthan was born.
Jammu and Kashmir (1948): In October 1947, the Dogra King Maharaja Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession to India. It was in 1956 that J&K completed the process of merging with the Indian Union.
Assam (1950): Ruled by the Ahoms for over six hundred years, Assam became a British protectorate in 1826 when the Burmese handed the territory to the British. Assam was separated from Bengal in 1874. In 1912, it was reformed as Assam province under British rule. Greater Assam included Meghalaya, Nagaland, and Mizoram, amongst other areas, before they ultimately became independent states in the later years.
Odisha (1950): Orissa was made a separate province in 1936 by the British and in 1950 became a state. It was renamed Odisha in 2011.
Bihar (1950): Officially formed as a state in 1950, Bihar has remained a politically important state.
Tamil Nadu (1950): Erstwhile the Madras Presidency, was reorganized as a state in 1950 and renamed Tamil Nadu in 1969.
Tripura (1972): Surrounded by Bangladesh on three sides, Tripura remained a Union Territory till 1972, when it became an independent state.
Madhya Pradesh (1956): What was Central Provinces and Berar under British India, merged with Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh, and Bhopal to form India’s second largest state in 1956.
Kerala (1956): Former states of Travancore, Cochin, and Malabar were merged together to form the state of Kerala in 1956.
Karnataka (1956): Mysore state was created by bringing together all Kannada speaking regions together in 1956. The state was renamed Karnataka in 1973.
Andhra Pradesh (1956): Post-independence, in 1953, all Telugu speaking regions were separated from the erstwhile Madras Presidency and unified as Andhra Pradesh. In 1956, at the time of reorganization of states, Hyderabad state was merged with Andhra Pradesh and the state officially came into existence. The formation of Andhra Pradesh acted akin to the opening of the Pandora’s box, leading to consequent creation of other states based on linguistic lines. Post formation of Telangana in 2014, Amravati is the new capital of Andhra Pradesh.
Maharashtra (1960): At the time of independence, Bombay Province covered a large part of western India. In 1960, the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat were formed as independent states. Some southern districts of the Bombay state were also transferred to the then existing Mysore.
Gujarat (1960): Part of Bombay Presidency in British India, Gujarat was separated and formed as an independent state in 1960.
Nagaland (1963): In 1957, the Naga Hills Tuensang Area was brought under central control, with its administration from Assam. Following increasing calls and protests for a separate identity to preserve its unique culture, the region was separated from Assam and the state of Nagaland was formed in 1963 with Kohima as its capital.
Punjab (1966): Post independence, the princely state of Patiala was merged with eight other similar states to form Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU). In 1956, this region was merged with the rest of Punjab and in 1966, Haryana was separated as an independent state. Both Punjab and Haryana continue to share Chandigarh as their capital, which is a Union Territory.
Haryana (1966): Created from Punjab in 1966.
Himachal Pradesh (1971): Himachal Pradesh was created with the merger of 30 princely states in 1950, and in 1956, was declared a Union Territory. It became an independent state in 1971 with Shimla as its capital.
Manipur (1972): While Manipur gained independence along with India in 1947, it joined the Indian Union as a C state in 1950. In 1956, it became a Union Territory and became an independent state in 1972, with Imphal as its capital.
Meghalaya (1972): The northeastern state of Meghalaya was formed as an autonomous state within Assam in 1970. It became a separate state in 1972 with Shillong as its capital.
Sikkim (1975): This peaceful state was an Indian protectorate until it merged with the Indian Union as an independent state in 1975 with Gangtok as its capital.
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