Question

how will you convert alcohol into alkyl chloride by using phosphorus halide​

Answer 1

PBr3 For Converting Alcohols To Alkyl Halides: Mechanism

In the “activation” step, the alcohol is converted into a good leaving group by forming a bond to P (O-P bonds are very strong) and displacing Br from P [note that this is essentially nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus].

Answer 2

Explanation:

Reacting Alcohols with Phosphorus Halides

Reacting Alcohols with Phosphorus HalidesAlcohols react with liquid phosphorus(III) chloride (also called phosphorus trichloride) to yield chloroalkanes. Alcohols also violently react with solid phosphorus(V) chloride (phosphorus pentachloride) at room temperature, producing clouds of hydrogen chloride gas.