Question

How will you distinguish between Hcl and HNO3 by using only one compound ?

Answer 1

By adding, a few drops of AgNO3

Dil. HCl reacts with silver nitrate to give a white ppt. of silver chloride.

On the other hand there is no reactionobserved when dil. Nitric acid is treated with silver nitrate solution. That is obvious thing.

Reactions :-

HCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) >>> AgCl(s) + HNO3(aq)

HNO3(aq) + AgNO3(aq) >>> No reaction + No ppt.

Answer 2

Answer:

To both solutions, add $AgNO_{3}$. If white $AgCl$ ppt forms, $HCl$ will follow, and if no ppt forms, $HNO_{3}$ will.

Explanation:

(Diluent) $HCl$ $HNO_{3}$ (dilute) [Using $AgNO_{3}$ solution, we can distinguish among $HCl$ and $HNO_{3}$]

$HCl +$ $AgNO_{3}$ →  $AgCl$↓ $+$ $HNO_{3}$

$HNO_{3}$ $+$ $AgNO_{3}$ → $No$ $reaction$

Adding $AgNO_{3}$ makes $HCl$ produce white ppt. but $HNO_{3}$ does not undergo such a reaction.

The amount of the nitric acid determines how it reacts with $HCl$. While diluted nitric acid won't, concentrated sulphuric acid will oxidize $HCl$.

For instance, $HCl$ will oxidize in Aqua Regia, but it is durable when mixed with water.

The acid is hydrogen chloride if the silver nitrate solution turns white as a result of the creation of silver chloride. If the mixture doesn't cloud, nitric acid is indeed the acid present. The interaction of metals is the following test that can be used to differentiate between nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.

Nitric acid and hydrochloric acid are combined to make aqua regia, with a molar ratio of 1:3 being ideal. Chloroauric acid is usually produced using aqua regia. Noble metals like gold or platinum can be dissolved by it, but not all metals.

#SPJ2