Question

how will you prepare following from chlorobenzene--
1) phenol number
2 )diphenyl
3) toluene
​

Answer 1

Answer:

How will you prepare phenol from chlorobenzene?

Phenol is prepared from Chlorobenzene in two steps. First, Chlorobenzene is heated with 6-8% solution of Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, @ 623 K, @ under pressure of 300 atmospheres to form Sodium Phenoxide. Then Sodium Phenoxide is acidified with dillute Hydrochloric Acid HCl to form Phenol.

Answer 2

Answer:

Phenol-Phenol is prepared from Chlorobenzene in two steps. First, Chlorobenzene is heated with 6-8% solution of Sodium Hydroxide NaOH, @ 623 K, @ under pressure of 300 atmospheres to form Sodium Phenoxide. Then Sodium Phenoxide is acidified with dillute Hydrochloric Acid HCl to form Phenol.

Diphenyl-Benzene to chlorobenzene by the action of Cl2/AlCl3. Chlorobenzene on reaction with sodium metal in dry ether gives biphenyl ( Wittig reaction).

Toluene-Chlorobenzene can be converted to toluene by Wurtz-Fittig reaction. Mixture of Chlorobenzene and methylchloride when treated with sodium in dry ether produce toluene and sodium chloride.