Question

How would you account for the irregular variation of ionization enthalpies (first and second) in the first series of the transition elements?

Answer 1

HEY FRD

Ionization enthalpies are found to increase in the given series due to a continuous filling of the inner d-orbitals. The irregular variations of ionization enthalpies can be attributed to the extra stability of configurations such as d0, d5, d10. Since these states are exceptionally stable, their ionization enthalpies are very high.

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Answer 2

Transition metalshave smaller atomic radii and higher nuclear charge as compared to the alkali metals. ... The ionisation energyincreases due to the increase in the nuclear charge with atomic number at the beginning of the series. Gradually, the shielding effect of the added electrons also increases.