how would you demonstrate that even sun -dried soil retains water ?
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EFFECT OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER ON SOIL PROPERTIES
Organic matter affects both the chemical and physical properties of the soil and its overall health. Properties influenced by organic matter include: soil structure; moisture holding capacity; diversity and activity of soil organisms, both those that are beneficial and harmful to crop production; and nutrient availability. It also influences the effects of chemical amendments, fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides. This chapter focuses on those properties related to soil moisture and water quality, while Chapter 6 focuses on those related to sustainable food production.
INEFFICIENT USE OF RAINWATER
Drylands may have low crop yields not only because rainfall is irregular or insufficient, but also because significant proportions of rainfall, up to 40 percent, may disappear as runoff. This poor utilization of rainfall is partly the result of natural phenomena (relief, slope, rainfall intensity), but also of inadequate land management practices (i.e. burning of crop residues, excessive tillage, eliminating hedges, etc.) that reduce organic matter levels, destroy soil structure, eliminate beneficial soil fauna and do not favour water infiltration. However, water “lost” as runoff for one farmer is not lost for other water users downstream as it is used for recharging groundwater and river flows.
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EFFECT OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER ON SOIL PROPERTIES
EFFECT OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER ON SOIL PROPERTIESOrganic matter affects both the chemical and physical properties of the soil and its overall health. Properties influenced by organic matter include: soil structure; moisture holding capacity; diversity and activity of soil organisms, both those that are beneficial and harmful to crop production; and nutrient availability. It also influences the effects of chemical amendments, fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides. This chapter focuses on those properties related to soil moisture and water quality, while Chapter 6 focuses on those related to sustainable food production.
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