Humun
helth and diseases
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Answer:
The human body suffers from many diseases, it can be due to genetic defects, infections or an unhealthy lifestyle. Diseases can be classified into two types: Congenital Diseases: Genetic defects present by birth. This may be due to gene mutation, chromosomal aberration or environmental effects.
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Human health impacts
Human health can also be affected if nitrate from polluted drinking water is ingested. Nitrate oxidizes iron in hemoglobin in red blood cells to methemoglobin. Most people convert methemoglobin back to hemoglobin fairly quickly, but infants do not convert it back as fast. This hinders the ability of the infant's blood to carry oxygen, leading to a blue or purple appearance in affected infants – a condition called methemoglobinemia, or blue baby syndrome. Low blood oxygen in adults can lead to birth defects, miscarriages, and poor general health. Nitrate has also been linked to higher rates of stomach and esophageal cancer (Bowman et al., 2000). To protect human health, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has set maximum contaminant levels for NO3− and NO2− in drinking water at 10 and 1.0 mg l−1 (as N), respectively.