Question

Hydrocarbon list and usage in daily life

Answer 1

1. crude petroleum: it is for making many fuels.
2.kerosene:it is a used as a domestic fuel.
3.Petrol:it is used for powering vehicles.
4.asphalt,parrafin wax: It is used as a lubricant

Answer 2

Types of hydrocarbons

The classifications for hydrocarbons, defined by IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistryare as follows:

Saturated hydrocarbons are the simplest of the hydrocarbon species. They are composed entirely of single bonds and are saturated with hydrogen. The formula for acyclic saturated hydrocarbons (i.e., alkanes) is CnH2n+2.[1]:623 The most general form of saturated hydrocarbons is CnH2n+2(1-r), where r is the number of rings. Those with exactly one ring are the cycloalkanes. Saturated hydrocarbons are the basis of petroleum fuels and are found as either linear or branched species. Substitution reaction is their characteristics property (like chlorination reaction to form chloroform). Hydrocarbons with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae are called structural isomers.[1]:625 As given in the example of 3-methylhexane and its higher homologues, branched hydrocarbons can be chiral.[1]:627 Chiral saturated hydrocarbons constitute the side chains of biomolecules such as chlorophyll and tocopherol.[5]

Unsaturated hydrocarbons have one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms. Those with double bond are called alkenes. Those with one double bond have the formula CnH2n(assuming non-cyclic structures).[1]:628Those containing triple bonds are called alkyne. Those with one triple bond have the formula CnH2n−2.[1]:631

Aromatic hydrocarbons, also known as arenes, are hydrocarbons that have at least one aromatic ring.

Hydrocarbons can be gases (e.g. methaneand propane), liquids (e.g. hexane and benzene), waxes or low melting solids (e.g. paraffin wax and naphthalene) or polymers(e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene).

methaneIt is used as a fuel in electrical generation. Produces less amount of carbon dioxide.PropaneIt is used for heating and cookingButaneIt is used in lighters and also in aerosol cansPentaneGenerally it is used as solvents in the laboratory and in the production of polystyrene.HexaneIt is used to produce in glue for shoes, leather products, etcHeptaneIt is the major component of gasoline.OctaneIt is used in gasoline that reduces knockNonaneIt is the component of fuel Example:DieselDecaneIt is also a component of gasoline