Question

Hye!

Give me Rutherford and neil bohr atomic model

Answer 1

$\huge\red{RUTHERFORD'S\: ATOMIC\: MODEL}$

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1. Atom is spherical containing a nucleus in the middle and elctrons move around the nucleus in a circular path.

2. Protons and neutrons are situated in the nuckeus which are collectively responsible for giving total mass of the atom.

Atomic mass = Mass of proton+Mass of neutron.

3. The radius of an atom is 10^5 times larger than the radius of its nucleus.

Radius of an atom = 10^(-8) cm
Radius of a nucleus = 10^(-13) cm

4. Rutherford's atomic model is well balanced due to two opposing forces.

a) Electrostatic force of attraction.
b) Centrifugal force.

☺️DRAWBACK OF RUTHERFORD'S ATOMIC MODEL -:

Electrons revolve around the positively charged nucleus, hence its energy decreases continuously.

$\huge\red{NEIL\: BOHR'S \:ATOMIC\: MODEL}$

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1. Electrons revolve around the nucleus in selected orbits called shells. These shells are denoted by K, L, M, N, O, P, etc.

2. When electrons revolve in these shells, they do not release or absorb energy. Hence, electrons do not fall into the nucleus.

3. Number of electrons present in each shell is given by the formula 2n^2 where n is number of shells.

Therefore,

No. of electrons present in the first shell is 2.

No. of electrons present in the second shell is 8.

No. of electrons present in the third shell is 18.

No. of electrons present in the fourth shell is 32.

4. Outermost shell of an atom connot have more than 8 electrons.

5. When an atom completes 8 electrons in its shell, new shell starts filling with electron.

Answer 2

Rutherford model:
He used fast moving alpha a-particles and let the rays in a gold foil.
He took a gold foil which is thin and is almost 1000 atoms thick.
A-particles which is doubly charged helium ions which have mass 4u .The a-particles have considerable energy.
Sub atomic particle atoms
The mass of a-particles is more than 2,000 atoms of a-particles.

Bohr's model:
Only special are which known as discrete orbits of electrons are allowed inside the atom.
while revolving the electrons do not radiate energy.
These orbits or shells are called energy levels. These are represented by letters k l m n ....and numbers 1 2 3 4.... and so on.


I THINK THIS WILL BE CLEAR TO YOU!!