hyposecretion of thyroxine hormone leads ___________
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Answer:
The term Cretinism is a disease of retarded mental along with physical development caused because of hypo secretion of thyroxine. It is stated as a condition characterized by physical deformity of humans as well as learning difficulties that are due to congenital thyroid deficiency in our body.
Hyposecretion of thyroxine hormone leads to Goiter or Cretinism.
1. Goiter
Goiter is a condition where the thyroid gland enlarges in size. This gland produces two types of hormones - Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones play important roles in body functions - like maintaining body temperature, heart and muscle function, digestion, etc.
- Cause - Simple goiters when the hormones are not being produced enough for the body. Endemic goiters take place when the body is not getting enough iodine in the diet. Sporadic goiters can be caused for certain elements like lithium, or other medical conditions can also cause this goiter. Goiters can also happen due to hereditary. Generally, women above 40 catch it.
- Symptoms - swell in the neck, scratchy voice, dizziness, coughing, difficulty swallowing.
- Treatment - Medicines, Radioactive iodine treatments can treat goiter, in some serious cases surgery becomes mandatory.
2. Cretinism
During early pregnancy, women face severe physical and mental retardation due to iodine deficiency. Hyposecretion of thyroxine is another reason of it.
- Cause - Lack of a. thyroid hormone ( congenital cretinism), b. iodine ( endemic cretinism).
- Symptoms - dwarfism, hearing nd speech defect, myxoedema, the sparseness of hair and nails.
- Treatment - Thyroid hormone replacement therapy is the best process for it.