Question

i) Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons yet show different properties. Compare and contrast the properties of alkenes and alkynes.

ii) Give the chemical test to distinguish between alkenes and alkynes.

iii) Inert pair effect plays a significant role in determining the behaviour of p-block elements. Explain with examples.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. The alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons—that is, hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds. Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. Alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds. Aromatic hydrocarbons contain ring structures with delocalized π electron systems.
2. that the general formula of alkene is CnH2n and for alkyne is CnH2n-2
3. The inert pair theory was proposed by Sidgwick. He along with Powell accounted for the shapes of several molecules and correlated the shapes with some of their physical properties.

• Example of Inert Pair Effect
• The inert pair effect among group 4 and group 5 elements. Sn2+ and Pb2+ and Sb3+ and Bi3+ which are the lower oxidation states of the elements are formed because of the inert pair effect. When the s electrons remain paired the oxidation state is lower than the characteristic oxidation

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