I) Answer the following:-
1) What is ploughing? What are its advantages?
2) Write an activity to choose the healthy seeds.
3) What is manuring? Differentiate between manure and fertilizers.
4) What are weeds? Write the methods used for weeding.
5) Describe the modern methods of irrigation with the help of diagrams.
II) Fill in the blanks:-
1) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called______________.
2) The first step before growing crop is ____________ of the soil.
3) Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.
4) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and ______________ and ______________ from the soil are essential.
Answers
Answer:
(I) Answer the following questions
1 Ploughing is the process of breaking, loosening the soil and turning it over for uprooting weeds and aerating the soil.
Advantages of ploughing
(a) Loosening of soil can improve air circulation.
The roots can penetrate deeper into the soil, thus holding the plant firmly.
(b) Ploughing enhances the water retention capacity of the soil.
(c) Ploughing uproots the weeds growing in the field and aids in the growth of microbes.
2. Activity To select Healthy seed for sowing:
1. If we are given wheat seeds for selection, then we need to pour all seeds in a bucket containing water.
2. Stir well
3. Most of the seeds will settle down at the bottom of the bucket and we an see few seeds float on water
conclusion :
--> Seeds which sink at the bottom of the bucket are healthy. Healthy seeds are heavy so they sink in water
--->on the other hand, seeds which are floating are light in weight because they will be partially eaten by pests or damaged by disease hence they are light and hollow. and hence float on water.
3.Manuring is the process of addition of natural or chemical sources of nutrients for the crop.
Differences
MANURE
1. Manure is a natural material, obtained by decaying plant and animal waste, that can applied to the soil to enhance its fertility.
2. Prepared in field
3. It provides humus to the soil.
4.It is economical
Fertilizer
1. Fertilizer is a human-made or natural substance, that can be added to the soil to improve its fertility and increase the production
2. Prepared in factories
3. It does not provide humus to the soil.
4.It is costly
4.Weeds are unwanted wild plants that grow in the field.
Weeds can be controlled using weedicides. It is a chemical, which is sprayed in the fields to kill all available weeds. Weedicides are not harmful to crops.
5. (A) Drip Irrigation
.Drip irrigation is the most used irrigation system these days. In the drip irrigation, we lay plastic pipes in rows near the crops or plants. These pipes have holes in them. The water seeps from these holes drop by drop, hence the name drip irrigation. Drip irrigation is one of the most efficient irrigation methods as it reduces water wastage in agriculture
(B) Sprinkler systems
Sprinkler systems mimic the phenomenon of rain. In sprinkler systems, the pipes carry water to central locations on the farm. The sprinklers placed there, distribute the water across the fields. The sprinkler method is one of the most efficient irrigation methods to irrigate the uneven land for agriculture. In addition, sprinkler systems provide the best coverage regardless of the size of the farm.
(II) Fill in the blanks
(a)Crop
(b) preparation of soil
(c) float
(d) water, nutrients.
Hope this will help u !!
Plz make it brilliant