Question

i. Briefly describe: i. modification in roots ii. modification in stems iii, modification in leaves​

Answer 1

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i. Modification in roots :

  When a specific plant doesn't obtain any components ( like- Nitrogen, Oxygen etc.) from the roots, The roots modifies itself and switch to aerobic respiration and help the plant to provide with the components which were lacking in the soil on which it is germinated.

This modification in roots can be observed in Mangrove Forest where all the roots are modified and work out aerobic respiration for the plant, due to the unfertilised soil.

Example : Sundarban Tidal Forest at South 24 Parganas.

ii. Modification in stems and leaves :

   When a specific plant doesn't meet with the important natural components ( like water, high temperature etc. ). The stems as well as leaves gets modified and shares its functions with each other. This often might be referred as Symbiotic Relationship between leaves and stems, helping each other, in order to survive togetherly.

This modification in stems and leaves can be observed in Cactus Plants in Desert area, where extreme heat of the sun absorbs the needed water from the leaves while synthesising their food, often known as Transpiration. In order to, reduce the loss of water from the plants, the leaves modify themselves into spines and stem start to do the action of leaves, to synthesise food. It also helps the plant by storing water in itself. Here, too we can observe the modification in roots, as the roots stretch far deep in the ground to absorb the water in the soil.

Example : Desert plants at Desert area.

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