Question

i can't understand groove's process,,plz give simple definition with example

Answer 1

Grooves process=

It is the process to synthesize alkylhalide from alcohol using ZnCl₂.

The reaction can be written as:

                              Anhyd ZnCl₂

R --- OH + H---X     ========>>   RX + H₂O

The reactivity order of  in the above reaction is : HI > HBr > HCl > HF

Reactivity order of alcohols =  3⁰ > 2⁰ > 1⁰ > MeOH

2⁰ and 3⁰ alcohols undergo SN₁ mechanism, whereas 1⁰ and MeOH undergo SN₂ mechanism. Concentrated HCl + anhy. ZnCl₂ is known as lucas reagent. In Groove's process, ZnCl₂ is used to weaken C-OH bond. In case of 3⁰ alcohol, ZnCl₂ is not required.

Example =

                             Anhyd ZnCl₂

C₂H₅OH + HCl    ===========>>  C₂H₅Cl + H₂O

Answer 2

Groves Process: R-OH + HCl → R-Cl + H₂O , where R is an Alkyl group. (anhydrous zncl2 + heat) The anhydrous zncl2 is used in grooves process as reducing agent ,since in the reaction HX bond is stronger to be break so anhydrous zncl2 + heat help to break it and it also reduces 1° alcohol into alkylhalide directly .