Question

(i) How force and momentum are related to each other. Derive the expression.

Answer 1

Newton's second law of motion describes the relationship between force and acceleration. They are directly proportional. If you increase the force applied to an object, the acceleration of that object increases by the same factor. In short, force equals mass times acceleration

Answer 2

Answer:

Let initial momentum ($p_i$) be mu

Let final momentum ($p_f$) be mv

According to 2nd law of motion

$\frac{p_f - p_i}{t} \propto \: f$

$\implies \: f \propto \frac{mv \: - mu}{t}$

$\implies \: f \propto \frac{m(v - u)}{t}$

$f \propto \: ma \: \: \: \: \: \: ( \frac{v - u}{t } = a )$

To remove the proportionality sign. We would add k as the proportionality constant

$f = kma \\ f = ma \:$

because by the definition of force k = 1