Question

i)
ii)
Where are proteins synthesized inside the cell?
Differentiate between (only two differences):
a) Plant and Animal Cell
b) Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell​

Answer 1

Explanation:

I)The proteins are synthesized on the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, where the ribosomes are transiently attached. Ribosomes are sites of protein synthesis in a cell.

2)Cell wall Absent Present (formed of cellulose)

Shape Round (irregular shape) Rectangular (fixed shape)

Vacuole One or more small vacuoles (much smaller than plant cells). One, large central vacuole taking up to 90% of cell volume.

Centrioles Present in all animal cells Only present in lower plant forms (e.g. chlamydomonas)

Chloroplast Absent Plant cells have chloroplasts to make their own food.

Cytoplasm Present Present

Ribosomes Present Present

Mitochondria Present Present

Plastids Absent Present

Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth and Rough) Present Present

Peroxisomes Present Present

Golgi Apparatus Present Present

Plasma Membrane Only cell membrane Cell wall and a cell membrane

Microtubules/ Microfilaments Present Present

Flagella Present in some cells ( e.g. mammalian sperm cells) Present in some cells (e.g. sperm of bryophytes and pteridophytes, cycads and Ginkgo)

Lysosomes Lysosomes occur in cytoplasm. Lysosomes usually not evident.

Nucleus Present Present

Cilia Present Most plant cells do not contain cilia.

Answer 2

Difference between plant and animal cell:

1. Plant cell have plastids which animals don't

2. Plant cell have cell wall, animal cells don't

Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell:

1. Prokaryotic cells don't have well developed nucleus whereas eukaryotic cell have well developed ones

2. Prokaryotic cells don't have all cell organelles, eukaryotic cells have them all