Question

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Answer 1

Answers of question no. 3 and 4⤴️

1.

Nutrition is the biochemical and physiological process by which an organism uses food to support its life. It includes ingestion, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism and excretion.

2.

The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis is important to living organisms because it is the number one source of oxygen in the atmosphere.

5.

Mouth

MouthFood starts its journey from the mouth or the oral cavity. There are many other organs that contribute to the digestion process, including teeth, salivary glands, and tongue. Teeth are designed for grinding food particles into small pieces and are moistened with saliva before the tongue pushes the food into the oesophagus.

Oesophagus

OesophagusThis is a muscular tube that connects the pharynx, which is a part of an upper section of the gastrointestinal tract. It supplies swallowed food along with its length.

Stomach

StomachIt serves as a muscular bag which is situated towards the left side of the abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm. This vital organ acts as a storage for the food and provides enough time to digest meals. The stomach also produces digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid that maintains the process of digestion.

Small Intestine

Small IntestineThe small intestine is a thin, long tube of about 10 feet long and a part of the lower gastrointestinal tract. It is present just behind the stomach and acquires a maximum area of the abdominal cavity. The complete small intestine is coiled and the inner surface consists of folds and ridges.

Large Intestine

Large IntestineThis is a thick, long tube measuring around 5 feet in length. It is present just beneath the stomach and wraps over the superior and lateral edges of the small intestine. It absorbs water and consists of bacteria (symbiotic) that support the breakdown of wastes to fetch small nutrients.

Rectum

RectumWaste products are passed into the end of the large intestine called the rectum and eliminated out of the body as a solid matter called stool. It is stored in the rectum as semi-solid faeces which later exits from the body through the anal canal through the process of defecation

6. Nutrition in an Amoeba occurs through a process called phagocytosis where the entire organism pretty much engulfs the food it plans on eating up. The mode of nutrition in amoeba is known as holozoic nutrition. It involves the ingestion, digestion and egestion of food material.

Answer 2

Explanation:

1. Nutrition is the study of nutrients in food, how the body uses them, and the relationship between diet, health, and disease. Nutritionists use ideas from molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics to understand how nutrients affect the human body
2. Photosynthesis is important to living organisms because it is the number one source of oxygen in the atmosphere. ... Green plants and trees use photosynthesis to make food from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water in the atmosphere: It is their primary source of energy.
3. Insectivorous plants are the ones that derive most of their nutrition by trapping the insects and consuming the insects. For eg., Venus flytrap, Bladderwort, etc.
4. Food is crushed and cut in the mouth with the help of teeth and is mixed with saliva that is secreted by three salivary glands(one below the tongue and two at the side of the jaw) to make it wet and slippery, this process is known as mastication.(ii) Saliva contains amylase that breaks down complex carbohydrates and the tongue helps in pushing the food to the next part of the alimentary canal.(iii) The soft food then passes through the oesophagus in a wave-like movement known as a peristaltic movement.
5. Human Digestive system includes Gastrointestinal Tract and other accessory parts like the liver, intestines, glands, mouth, stomach, gallbladder. There are 6 main functions of the Human Digestive System Process: Ingestion, Motility, Secretion, Digestion, Absorption, Excretion.
6. Amoeba takes its nutrition through a process called phagocytosis where the entire organism swallows the food it plans on eating up. The mode through which an amoeba engulfs nutrition is known as holozoic nutrition. It leads to the process of ingestion, digestion and egestion of food material.