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Discussion Topic
Each substance has a unique set of properties that depends on the kinds of atoms it has and how the atoms are connected, or bonded. Bonding is related to the electrons in an atom, and there are different kinds of bonds. As a result, some substances can have the same atoms but different bonds. Substances that are different but have the same atoms are called allotropes. Allotropes have very different properties.
Diamond and graphite are well-known allotropes. Graphite is used in pencils for writing and is sometimes called lead. Diamond is colorless and transparent, and is one of the hardest substances known. Graphite is dark gray and soft. When we write, layers of graphite easily transfer from the pencil to the paper. Although they’re different, diamond and graphite each only contain one kind of atom—carbon.
How do you think the bonds between carbon atoms might be different in diamond and graphite? Use household materials to build physical models to help you develop your ideas. Describe what you learned from your models. What other kinds of allotropes are there? What kinds of properties and atomic bonds do they have?
Answers
A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds. The bond may result from the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions as in ionic bonds or through the sharing of electrons as in covalent bonds. Wikipedia
Answer:
Bonding between the carbon atoms in diamond and graphite is different because of different types of bonds in both and bonding patterns.
Explanation:
Carbon forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms by sharing their electrons. Carbon has four valencies in the outermost shell.
Graphite and Diamond are the allotropes of carbon and there are huge differences in the properties of each other i.e (1) Graphite is dark grey in colour while Diamond is colourless and transparent. (2) Diamond is the hardest substance while Graphite is not one of the hardest.
The Structure in Diamond and Graphite is different.
There is difference in structure of Graphite and Diamond, diamond has 4 covalent bonds because of which it becomes very hard and strong while graphite has 3 covalent bond because of which it is formed in layers.
The bond in Diamond and Graphite is different.
Bonds between the carbon atoms in Diamond are Ionic in nature while Graphite has Covalently bonded carbon atoms.