Question

(i) 'Sperm donation can help infertile couples'. Justify, In which type of cases, such sperm donation is helpful?

(ii) How does primary infertility different from secondary infertility?

(iii) Name the different methods of embryo transfer.
​

Answer 1

$\mathbb{ANSWER}$

1. Donor spe-rm may be needed either because of fertility problems in the male partner or because there is no male partner. Sp-erm donation is a generous and positive act that can give many couples and women a child of their own.
2. Primary infertility refers to couples who have not become pregnant after at least 1 year having se-x without using birth control methods. Secondary infertility refers to couples who have been able to get pre-gnant at least once, but now are unable.
3. There are many different types of embryo transfers: fresh, frozen, cleavage (day 3), blastocyst (day 5), single, and multiple embryo transfers. Today's standard practice is to transfer one embryo (occasionally two) embryo(s) at a time.

Hope it may help you....

Please follow me...

And mark this answer as Brainiest answer...

Answer 2

★ Solution :-

i) 'Sperm donation can help infertile couples'. It's indeed a true statement. Sperm donation can give a infertile couple an experience of having a child. Since here the term sperm is given so it refers to male only.

Actually sometimes due to accident or genetically, a male isn't able to produce appropriate quantity of sperm or the sperm produced isn't that capable of fusing witu zygote. Then the couple can use the technique of sperm donation. In this process a person which good sperm producing capability is asked to produce sperms. These sperms are either injected in the body of women or simply they externally grown up by fusing with female gamete in lab.

In the following cases sperm donation can be helpful ::

• When a man looses his capability to produce sperms.

• When a man isn't able to produce good qualities sperm.

• When a man faces any problem in producing sperms.

• When a man isn't able to have sexual drive or sexual intercourse.

• When a man had castration that is he/she lags the reproductive organ.

--------------------------------------------------------------

ii)

• Primary Infertility : It means that a couple is not able to have child or bear the child after 1 years of having sexual intercourse. This means that either the man or women is infertile. If this is the case then the couple should refer to medical treatments for it. There are many such methods in order to have child if the couple is found infertile for example surogacy, test tube baby, sperm implantation, etc.

• Secondary Infertility : This is the condition where a couple is not able to bear or have a child after having one child already. This is because either male or female of the coue looses the ability to reproduce. This can happen by ageing or different other processes. It can be cured by medical treatments as well. There are many couples who implement secondary infertility. The reason is their family planning that is they wish to have a single child. If the person is in age to reproduce but had implemented secondary infertility by use of contraceptives like IUCD, they can achieve fertility by it's removal. Only reversible contraceptive methods can help here.

iii) Different methods of embryo transfer are ::

• Surgical Method : Surgical Method of Embryo Transfer is the method where there is the use of a surgical cut to extract and place the embryo in the womb of a female. In thie method, there is a use of injection to insert embryo by make slit within womb and then applying stiches to womb after the work is done.

• Non - Surgical Method : Non - Surgical Method of Embryo Transfer is the method where there is nonuse of surgical cuts to place the embryo in the womb of a female. In this method there is use of a device which simply extracts the embryo and places safely in the womb.

• Frozen Method : In this method the embryo obtained from the donor within 15 minutes of receival is placed within the womb of a female in the frozen state to keep it safe.

• Fresh Method : In this method there is the transfer of embryo to the female's womb after 15 days of it's receival till when it grows in laboratory.

• Cleavage Method : Here there is multiple transfer of embryos one by one in a chain on the basis of fertility after receiving them from Blastocyst method.

• Blastocyst Method : In this method the embryo is firstly grown in the laboratory until it's blastocyst stage and then implanted in the female's womb.