(i) The burning of crop residue across farms in the country results in the poor air quality in nearby
locations. Which of the following are produced during the burning of crop residue?
(a) CO2 (CO and Particulate matter)
(6) CO2 (CO and SO2)
(c) CO2 (CO, SO2, Particulate matter and carbon particles)
(d) CO2 (CO, SO2 and Particulate matter)
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Crop residue burning in Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh has been known, but nowadays it's spreading more frequently in other parts of country.
Wheat stubble burning is a relatively new issue which started with mechanised harvesting using combine harvesters. In the last four to five years, farmers from UP’s Ghazipur district, especially Zamania and Chandauli areas, have been burning wheat stubble at a large scale.
The government officials are not paying attention toward this. Ramnagina Kushwaha, a farmer from Zamania, Ghazipur, recently died in a field after being set ablaze while burning wheat stubble.
The state government has not implemented the National Policy for Management of Crop Residues to protect the parali (crop residue). On December 10, 2015, the National Green Tribunal (NGT) had banned crop residue burning in the states of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab.
Burning crop residue is a crime under Section 188 of the IPC and under the Air and Pollution Control Act of 1981. However, government’s implementation lacks strength.
The Delhi high court had also ordered against burning residues, while Punjab government imposed a penalty of Rs 73.2 lakh farmers in 2016 for burning of crop residue.
Although the actual amount of fines charged was not available; farmers continue to burn residues every season — this making both the soil and air poisonous.
In addition to wheat and paddy, sugarcane leaves are most commonly burnt. According to an official report, more than 500 million tonnes of parali (crop residues) is produced annually in the country, cereal crops (rice, wheat, maize and millets) account for 70 per cent of the total crop residue.
Of this, 34 per cent comes from rice and 22 per cent from wheat crops, most of which is burnt on the farm. According to an estimate, 20 million tonnes of rice stubble is produced every year in Punjab alone, 80 per cent of which is burnt.
Instead of burning of the stubble, it can be used in different ways like cattle feed, compost manure, roofing in rural areas, biomass energy, mushroom cultivation, packing materials, fuel, paper, bio-ethanol and industrial production, etc.
Answer:
a) CO2 (CO and Particulate matter)
Explanation: