Question

I want a brief explanation of working of dc generator

Answer 1

It is seen that in the first half of the revolution current flows always along ABLMCD i.e. brush no 1 in contact with segment a. In the next half revolution, in the figure the direction of the induced current in the coil is reversed. But at the same time the position of the segments a and b are also reversed which results that brush no 1 comes in touch with the segment b. Hence, the current in the load resistance again flows from L to M. The wave from of the current through the load circuit is as shown in the figure. This current is unidirectional.



This is basic working principle of DC generator, explained by single loop generator model. The position of the brushes of DC generator is so arranged that the change over of the segments a and b from one brush to other takes place when the plane of rotating coil is at right angle to the plane of the lines of force. It is so become in that position, the induced emf in the coil is zero.
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Answer 2

What is a DC Generator : Construction and Its Working

The initial electromagnetic generator (Faraday disk) was invented by British scientist namely Michael Faraday in the year 1831. A DC generator is an electrical device used for generating electrical energy. The main function of this device is to change mechanical energy into electrical energy. There are several types of mechanical energy sources available such as hand cranks, internal combustion engines, water turbines, gas and steam turbines. The generator provides power to all the electrical power grids. The reverse function of the generator can be done by an electric motor. The main function of the motor is to convert electrical energy to mechanical. Motors, as well as generators, have similar features. This article discusses an overview of DC generators.

What is a DC Generator?

A DC generator or direct current generator is one kind of electrical machine, and the main function of this machine is to convert mechanical energy into DC (direct current) electricity. The energy alteration process uses the principle of energetically induced electromotive force. The dc generator diagram is shown below.

When a conductor slashes magnetic flux, then energetically induced electromotive force will be generated in it based on the Electromagnetic Induction principle of Faraday’s Laws. This electromotive force can cause a flow of current when the conductor circuit is not opened.

Construction

A DC generator is also used as a DC motor without changing its construction. Therefore, a DC motor otherwise a DC generator can be generally called a DC machine. The construction of a 4-pole DC generator is shown below. This generator comprises of several parts like yoke, poles & pole shoes, field winding, an armature core, armature winding, commutator & brushes. But the two essential parts of this device are the stator as well as the rotor.

Stator

The stator is an essential part of the DC generator, and the main function of this is to provide the magnetic fields where the coils spin. This includes stable magnets, where two of them are with reverse poles facing. These magnets are located to fit in the region of the rotor.

Rotor or Armature Core

Rotor or armature core is the second essential part of the DC generator, and it includes slotted iron laminations with slots that are stacked to shape a cylindrical armature core. Generally, these laminations are offered to decrease the loss because of the eddy current.

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