I want an essay on agriculter waste to wealth of 4000 word 8 point
Answers
Agricultural wastes are excess of agricultural production that have not been effectively utilized. Most waste management approaches are methods of concentration of waste, such as source separation, biological waste treatment, incineration, or land disposal. Recycling, reprocessing, and utilization of the wastes in a positive manner offers the possibility of returning the excess to beneficial use as opposed to the traditional methods of waste disposal and relocation. The keys to successful process of this nature are a beneficial use, an adequate market, and an economical, although not necessarily profit-making process. Many such processes would be satisfactory if they caused the overall costs of waste management to be less than other alternatives. Any additional steps in utilization should repay extra stronger, processing and distribution costs that are incurred. A return greater than the extra cost of utilization is desirable in that is reduces the total cost of waste management but such reduction may not sufficient to result in an overall profit for the producer.
The utilization of waste materials from agricultural production operations can assist in reducing some waste management problems. Many examples can be citied. Fruit and vegetable wastes are being utilized as stock feed. Tomato skins and seeds have been dehydrated and use as part of animal feeds as have been corn husks, cobs, grapefruit, oranges and some of solids screened from the liquid wastes of other processes have been converted into a dried and pelletized for soil conditioners, animal feed supplement and fertilizer base. Peach pits have been converted into charcoal broquets.The use of horse manure as a medium for growing mushroom s is a specific agricultural by-product utilization.
Other possibilities that have been studied include paper-making from rice or cereal straw, chemicals such as furfural extracted from cereals straw tartarate from wine grape residue, and monosodium glutamate from bagasse. Several industries including soap, leather, glue, gelatin and animal feed manufacturing have been based on meat-packaging waste product. Biochemical such as hormones, vitamins and enzymes also have been produced from packinghouse residues. While these methods offer the possibility of waste utilization, they rarely solve the entire waste problem since the material produced or removed from the waste may be only a small component leaving the problem of managing a large volume of residue.
The amount of residue such as straw, leaves and tree limbs from crops and orchards is on the order of hundreds of millions of tons. In some areas drastic measures, such as burning, are used to dispose of troublesome residues and to control plant disease and weeds. Burning as a disposal method is being reduce and more of the material is being utilized by returning it to the soil as a mulch which is later plowed under. A small fraction of the residue, such as straw, and peanut hulls, is being used as a bedding for farm animals. This material eventually is returned to the soil.
Efforts are needed to develop methods to utilize additional excesses from agricultural production. All activities in this direction must be directed toward effective and economically feasible solutions and towards development of adequate markets for the usable by-products.
There are many utilization processes that can be used with agricultural waste. The fundamental of the processes and their real or potential application with agricultural wastes are indicated. The processes are compositing, drying and dehydration, by-product development, methane generation, and water reclamation.