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Answers
1. The lithosphere consists of solid rock, soil and minerals. The hydrosphere consists of water in all its forms. The atmosphere is the layer of gases around the Earth. The biosphere consists of all living plants and animals and their interactions with the rocks, soil, air and water in their habitats.
2.Lithosphere,Atmosphere,Hydrosphere and Biosphere
3. The large land masses are known as the continents and the huge water bodies are called the ocean basins.
4. The 7 continents of Earth are :
Asia - Asia is the largest continent. It covers about one-third of the total land area of the earth. The continent
lies in the Eastern Hemisphere. The Tropic of Cancer passes through this continent
Africa - Africa is the second largest continent after Asia.
The Equator or 0 degree latitude runs almost through the middle of the continent. A large part of Africa lies in the Northern Hemisphere
North America - North America is the third largest continent of the world. It is linked to South America by a very narrow strip of land called the Isthmus of Panama. The continent lies completely in the Northern and Western Hemisphere.
South America - South America lies mostly in the Southern Hemisphere. The Andes, world’s longest mountain range, runs through its length from north to south.
Antarctica - Antarctica, completely in the Southern Hemisphere,
is a huge continent. The South Pole lies almost at the centre of this continent. As it is located in the South Polar Region, it is permanently covered with thick ice sheets.
Europe- The continent
lies to the west of Asia. The Arctic Circle passes through it. It is bound by water bodies on three sides
Australia - Australia is the smallest continent that lies entirely in the Southern Hemisphere. It is surrounded on all sides by the oceans and seas. It is called an island continent.
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- The lithosphere consists of solid rock, soil and minerals. The hydrosphere consists of water in all its forms. The atmosphere is the layer of gases around the Earth. The biosphere consists of all living plants and animals and their interactions with the rocks, soil, air and water in their habitats.
- The four major domains of the Earth are – Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere.
- The large landmasses are known as the continents and the huge water bodies are called the ocean basins.
- The hydrosphere refers to the water bodies that are found on the earth's surface. More than 71% of the earth is covered with water. This water is found in all its forms - ice, water and water vapour. Running water in oceans and rivers and in lakes, ice in glaciers, underground water and the water vapour in atmosphere. More than 97% of the earth's water is found in oceans. The ocean water is very salty, hence not of human utility. A large proportion of the rest of the water is in the form of icesheets and glaciers or under the ground. A very small percentage (0.03%) is available as fresh water. It is this water that we use.
- There are seven major continent in the world : Asia, europe ,Africa, North America, South American, Australia and Antarctica.