I. What do these terms mean?
a. Samanta:
b. Maha samanta:
c. Tripartite struggle:
d. Clan:
e. Ur:
f. Nadu:
g. Sabha:
h. Valanadu:
i. Maharaja-adhiraja:
j. Hiranya-garbha:
k. Accession:
l. Gopuram:
m. Shikhara:
n. Vellanvagai:
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- Samanta was a title and position used by the army people of kings in the history of the Indian subcontinent.
- Maha Samanta refers to “great feudatories” and represents an official title used in the political management of townships in ancient India.
- The Tripartite Struggle for control of northern India took place in the ninth century. The struggle was between the Pratihara Empire, the Pala Empire and the Rashtrakuta Empire.
- Ur means the place where a person is born.
- Nadu is generally used to refer the territory.
- Sabha is an assembly, council or congregation.
- Valanadu is one of the terms designating an ‘administrative division’ used in the inscriptions of Andhra Pradesh.Valanadu literally means in Tamil “a fertile country”.
- Maharaj-Adhiraja was the grand title given to the ruling kings or Maharajas.
- Hiranya-garbha is the source of the creation of universe or the manifested cosmos in Vedic philosophy, as well as an avatar of Vishnu in the Bhagavata Purana.
- Accession is the attainment or acquisition of a position of rank or power.
- A gopuram or gopura is a monumental entrance tower, usually ornate, at the entrance of a Hindu temple, in the Dravidian architecture of the Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka, and Telangana states of Southern India.
- A Shikhara refers to the rising tower in the Hindu temple architecture of North India, and also often used in Jain temples.
- Vellanvagai is the land of non-Brahmin proprietors.
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