Question

(I) What is pacemaker ?
(II) Write a note on cheese making.
(III) What is tidal volume?
(IV) What is PKU ?

Each question carries 2 marks.

Correct and non copied answer will be marked as brainliest !​

Answer 1

a. Pacemaker : In man, the heart beat is myogenic i.e. contraction is initiated by a specialised patch of modified heart muscles, the sinoatrial node which is situated in the wall of the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava. The SA node acts as the pacemaker of the heart and thus establishes the basic rhythm at which the heart beats.

b. Cheese making : Cheese is one of the oldest food items in which microbes are used. Different varieties of cheese are known by their characteristic texture, flavour and taste, the specificity coming from the microbes used. Cheese is partially degraded concentrate of milk fat and casein manufactured by microorganisms. Swiss cheese is characterized by the characteristic flavour and large holes. The large holes are formed due to amount of carbon dioxide released by a thermophilic bacteria (Propionibacterium shermanii). Roquefort cheese is characterized by greenish blue mottling. It is ripened by Penicillium roqueforti. It is probably the best-known cheese made from sheep's milk. Camembert cheese employs Penicillium camemberti for ripening.

c. Tidal Volume : It is the volume of air inspired and expired during normal breathing without any effort. Quantity of air : 500 mL. A healthy man can inspire or expire approximately 6000 to 8000 mL of air per minute.

d. PKU : Phenylketonuria is a disorder of the excretory system which leads to accumulation of amino acid (phenylalanine) in the body. Ketonuria is presence of ketone bodies in urine.

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Answer 2

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(I) What is pacemaker ?

Ans.) A Pacemaker is a small Artificial Cardiac device which is used to treat some arrhythmias. In this, The Heart breathes too fast or too slow or sometimes with an irregular rhythm. Placemaker send electric pluses to heart to beat at a normal rate and rhythm.

These can be implanted to have a slow heart beat after a heart attack, medication overdoses, or surgery. They can be implanted permanently also.

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(II) Write a note on cheese making.

Ans.) There are few main and important steps in making of cheese.

• Preparing the milk.

• Acidifying the milk.

• Pasteurize Milk.

• Cool Milk.

• Add rennet and form curd.

• Cut the curd.

• Processing the curd.

• Draining the whey.

• Cheddaring the milk.

• Salting the chesse.

• Cheese shaping.

• Aging the Cheese.

A cheese factory is known as Farmstead or Fermier. Cheese is derived from milk. It is produced in wide ranges of textures, flavours, by the coagulation of the milk protein casein. During the production of Cheese, It is first acidified and the enzymes of rennet. Most Cheese are acidified to a lesser degree by bacteria, which stone milk sugars into lactic acid then the addition of rennet complete the curdling.

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(III) What is tidal volume?

Ans.) Tidal Volume is that amount of Air which moves in and out of lungs with each respiratory cycle. 500ml measures inside average healthy adult male and 400ml in female. Tidal volumes are used for mechanically ventilated patients a without significant lung injury. It is measured by

Spirometry. on average, adults breathe 7 millilitres per kilogrammes of ideal body weight.

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(IV) What is PKU ?

Ans.) PKU ( Phenylketonuria), A PKU is a screening test of blood given to new born babies 4 - 72 hours after birth. It a birth defect that causes amino acid and it builds up in the body. Phe is a part of protein that are found in many foods and in artificial sweetener called Aspartame. PKU is cost by a defect in the gene that helps create the enzyme needed to breakdown Phenylalanine.