(i) What is the difference between the theologians and the rationalists in the matter of Quran
Answers
Explanation:
Muʿtazila (Arabic: المعتزلة al-muʿtazilah) is a rationalist school of Islamic theology[1][2] that flourished in the cities of Basra and Baghdad, both now in Iraq, during the 8th to the 10th centuries CE.[1] The Mu'tazilites were celebrated during the Islamic Golden Age,[3] as most of the greatest Muslim thinkers throughout the period were highly influenced by the Mu’tazila ideology.[4]
The adherents of the Muʿtazili school, known as Muʿtazilites, are best known for rejecting the doctrine of the Qur'an as uncreated and co-eternal with God,[5] asserting that if the Quran is the word of God, he logically "must have preceded his own speech".[6] The philosophical speculation of the Muʿtazilites centre on the concepts of divine justice (Al-'adl) and divine unity (Tawhid).[7] The school worked to resolve the theological "problem of evil": how to reconcile the justice of an all-powerful God with the reality of evil in the world, in accordance to the guidance of the Quran