Identify any two contributions each of the Chin and the Han dynasty rulers of China who
helped to developed their civilisation.
Answers
Answer:
FIRST KNOWN PAPER-MAKING PROCESS WAS INVENTED BY CAI LUN OF HAN DYNASTY
Explanation:
two contributions of Chin Dynasty
i THE WRITING SYSTEM OF CHINA WAS STANDARDIZED
Before the Qin achieved unification of China, local styles of characters evolved independently of one another for centuries, producing what are called the “Scripts of the Six States”. This diversity was undesirable in a unified government as it hindered communication, trade, taxation and transportation. In 220 BC, Li Si, prime minister under Qin Shi Huang, systematized the written Chinese language by promoting as the imperial standard the Small Seal Script, which had already been in use in the state of Qin. The Small Seal Script was itself standardized through removal of variant forms within it. This standardized Chinese writing system; made it uniform across the whole country; and had a unification effect on the Chinese culture for thousands of years.
ii THE weights and measures WAS STANDARDIZED.
The widely varying units of measurements used over China was standardized and decimalized under Emperor Qin Shihuangdi. Each unit of length was ten times bigger than the previous one with only a couple of exceptions.
Two contributions in Han dynasty
i FIRST KNOWN PAPER-MAKING PROCESS WAS INVENTED BY CAI LUN OF HAN DYNASTY. He took bamboo fibers and the inner bark of a mulberry tree; added water to these and pounded them using a wooden tool; drained out the water; and dried it to produce a material that was not only a good writing surface but also lightweight. Cai Lun also used other materials for his paper making, such as remnants or hemp, tree barks, fishnets and linen rags. The invention of refined paper greatly helped in spreading literature and literacy in China.
ii THE WORLD’S FIRST SEISMOSCOPE WAS INVENTED.
Zhang Heng (78 AD – 139 AD) was a famous statesman, astronomer and inventor who lived during the Han dynasty. He invented the world’s first water-powered armillary sphere to assist astronomical observation. An armillary sphere is a model of the celestial globe constructed from rings and hoops representing the equator, the tropics and other celestial circles, and able to revolve on its axis. In 132 AD, Zhang Heng invented the world’s first seismoscope, an instrument for registering earthquakes.