Question

Identify the cationic and anionic radical in given unknown salt A by performing dry and wet test for cationic radical and anionic radical.

Answer 1

Abhi our Brainly sage has brilliantly answered this  question here

https://brainly.in/question/2320586

It goes something like

DRY TEST :- the most commonly employed the dry test on solid sample are:- 

1.BORAX BEAD TEST :- Borax (Na2B2O7.10H2O) is first heated on platinum wire where it is dehydrated completely forming glass like beads consisting of NaBO2 and B2O3 . The bead is then mixed with salt to be tested and heated further where colored metal metaborates are formed.e.g., 
CuO + B2O3 ---> Cu(BO2)2 (green in hot and blue in cold) 
results of Borax bead test with some common metal is summarized in the following ( in oxidizing flame ) :
metal ---------------- hot---------------cold
Cu---------------green ---------------blue
Fe-------- -yellowish-brown ------- yellow
Cr --------- yellow ---------------- Green
Mn -------- Violet ----------------- Amethyst
Co --------- blue --------------- blue 
Ni ---------- violet -------------- reddish-brown

2.MICROCOSMIC SALT BEAD TEST :- the microcosmic salt ( Na(NH4)HPO4.4H2O) is heated on platinum wire where transparent colorless beads consisting sodium metaphosphate is formed.

(Na(NH4)HPO4.4H2O) -----> NaPO3 + H2O + NH3↑ 
salt is then mixed with bead and heated further where colored metal phosphate is formed e.g., 
NaPO3 + CoO ----> NaCoPO4

To read complete answer alsong with figure , visit here

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Answer 2

Dry Test :
Borax Bead Test: 
This test is to be performed only for coloured salts.

Borax [Na2B407.10H20] on heating gets fused and loses water of crytsllisation.
After melting it forms colouless liquid which later forms a clear transparent bead consisting of boric anhydride and sodium metaborate.
Na2B407.10H2O ------->  Na2B4O7 +10H2O

Na2B4O7----> B2O3     +2 Na BO2                                      

Boric anhydride is non volatile.
 When treated with coloured salt , a colour bead of metal carbonate is formed.

*************************************************************
*Metal                         Hot                                 Cold
***************************************************************
copper                     Green                              Blue
Iron                          yellowish brown              yellow
Chromium                yellow                              green
Manganese             Violet                              amethyst
Cobalt                      blue                                blue
Nickel                     Violet                                reddish brown
**********************************************************************

Wet Test for Acid radicals :
salt is mixed with dil.H2SO4 and also with Conc.H2SO4
Based on the type of gas evolved . Inference is done .

****************************************************************************************
Observation              Acid radical                       Confirmation Test
****************************************************************************************
1. evolution of              CO₃²⁻           Gas turns lime water milky.colourless gas

2. Brown gas                NO₂⁻              Add KI and starch solution.                                                                                             It turns blue colour

3. Smell of                 S₂⁻                  Gas turns lead acetate paper blackrotten eggs 
    
4.Pungent               SO₃⁻                 Turns acidiefed K2cR2O7 Sol                                                                                         green colourlessgas        
 
5. Gives  smell of       CH3COO⁻                      aq. +neutral FeCl2 
vinegar                                                    gives blood  red colour.

6.white/Yellow              S₂O₃²⁻       aq.+AgNo3    white prpt ---> black.turbidity on warming

7. colourless               Cl-                      add. MnO2 and heatpungent gas with white fumes                                                      pale green colour gas will be evolved

8. Reddish brown      Br-                             add MnO2 and heatfumes                                                                                              brown gas is produed

9. Violet Pungentgas    I-                            converts starch paper blue                                                                                                 Layer test can be done
****************************************************************************************

Wet Test for Basic Radical :***************************************************************************************
Group            Basic radicals                     Group Reagent          Ppt as 
*************************************************************************************            
 I                  Ag+, Hg2+, Pb2+                  dil.HCl                            Chloride

II               Cu2+,Cd2+,Pb2+,Hg2+     H2S gas +HCl                 Sulphides                                       Bi3+,As3+, Sb3+ Sn2+               

III              Al3+,Cr3+Fe3+                   NH4OH+NH4Cl              Hydroxide

Iv               Zn2+, Ni2+,Mn2+Co3+          H2S in                     Sulphides                                                                                  ammonical medium      
        
 V               Ca2+,Ba2+ Sr2+            (NH4)2CO3 +NH4Cl         Carbonates

VI             Mg2+ ,Na+,K+             NH4OH , Na2HPO4 [for only Mg2+]  white ppt

zero        NH4+                    ============             ***************************************************************************************