Identify the common name of group of elements based on following facts:
(i) Elements with one electron less in their valence shell to complete their octet.
(ii) Radioactive elements
(iii) Elements with 2 electrons in the valence shell
(iv) Zero group elements
Answers
Description about elements based on their group name are as follows-
(i) Elements with one electron less in their valence shell to complete their octet - Halogens.
They are found in group 17.
Example of halogens is fluorine, chlorine etc.
(ii) Radioactive elements
They are found in period 7, one element in Lanthanide series and actinide series.
Example of radioactive elements are - radium, nobelium etc
(iii) Elements with 2 electrons in the valence shell - Alkaline earth metals
They are found in group 2.
Examples of alkaline earth metals are- calcium, magnesium.
(iv) Zero group elements
They are generally called noble gases.
They are non reactive in nature due to their filled shells.
Example of noble gases are - Neon, argon etc.
Common name of group of elements based on following facts are:--
(i)Elements with one electron less in their valence shell to complete their octet are elements belonging to group 17.
They are commonly known as halogens. The general configuration is ns^2, np^5.The elements of this group are electronegative in nature. Example of elements are fluorine, chlorine, bromine etc.
(ii)Radioactive elements are the elements which are radioactive in nature and are highly reactive in nature. In periodic table elements of f block are radioactive in nature and are divided into two series that is the lanthanoids (from 58 to 71) and actinoids (from 90 to 103).
(iii)Elements with 2 electrons in the valence shell are the elements belonging to group 2 in the periodic table and are known as alkaline earth metals.
They have general configuration of ns^1-2. They are soft metals with low melting and boiling point and are electropositive in nature. Example of this group are Magnesium, Calcium, Barium etc.
(iv)Zero group elements are the elements belonging to group 18 of periodic table and are known as noble gases and have complete octet that is stable configuration and hence are least reactive in nature. Example of members of this group are Neon, Xenon, Helium etc.