Question

Identify the constituent elements present in the following compounds . 1.Hydrochloric acid 2. Calcium hydroxide 3. Sodium sulphate 4. Aluminium oxide 5. Potassium chloride 6. Sodium hydrogen carbonate 7. Nitric acid 8. Silver nitrate 9. Zinc carbonate 10.Ammonium hydroxide

Answer 1

Answer:

A

NALYSIS always does not mean breaking of substance into its ultimate

constituents. Finding out the nature of substance and identity of

its constituents is also analysis and is known as qualitative analysis.

Qualitative analysis of inorganic salts means the identification of cations and

anions present in the salt or a mixture of salts. Inorganic salts may be obtained

by complete or partial neutralisation of acid with base or vice-versa. In the

formation of a salt, the part contributed by the acid is called anion and the part

contributed by the base is called cation. For example, in the salts CuSO4 and

NaCl, Cu2+ and Na+

ions are cations and SO4

2– and Cl–

ions are anions. Qualitative

analysis is carried out on various scales. Amount of substance employed in

these is different. In macro analysis, 0.1 to 0.5 g of substance and about 20 mL

of solution is used. For semimicro analysis, 0.05 g substance and 1 mL solution

is needed while for micro analysis amount required is very small. Qualitative

analysis is carried out through the reactions which are easily perceptible to our

senses such as sight and smell. Such reactions involve:

(a) Formation of a precipitate

(b) Change in colour

(c) Evolution of gas etc.

Explanation: