Identify the following reaction which is commonly used in the conversion of vegetables oils to vanaspathi?
1) Combustion
2) Respiration
3) Hydrogenation
4) None of these
Answers
Answer:
the modern indian markets vanaspati is being used to refer to vegetable oil that has been hydrogenated and hardened. Vanaspati ghee is a cheaper substitute for the clarified butter that is made from milk . Vanaspati means any refined edible vegetable oil or oils subjected to a process of hydrogenation in any form.
Explanation:
The reaction is known as hydrogenation reaction. When vegetable oils are treated with hydrogen and passed over finely divided nickel or palladium at 200∘C200∘C, the hydrogen molecules are added to the unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds hence, saturated vegetable fats are obtained.
e.g.,
where, R is any alkyl group i.e., −CH3,−C2H5-CH3,-C2H5 etc.
Industrial Application The process of hydrogenation is used in industry to convert vegetable oils to vanaspati ghee.
Vegetable oil+H2−→−−−Ni,473KVanaspati ghe