Question

Identify the functional groups present in the following compounds:
(i) CH3CH2OH (ii) CH3Cl (iii) C2H2 (iv) CH3 — COOH
In the next section, you will study about some simple compounds which
contain some of the above mentioned functional groups.

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Answer:

(i) CH3CH2OH - Hydroxyl group

(ii) CH3Cl - Halogen group

(iii) C2H2 - Hydrocarbyl  group

(iv) CH3 — COOH - Carboxyl  group

Explanation:

(i) Compounds with hydroxyl group have the formula R-OH where OH is a  hydroxyl group. Oxygen is bonded to hydrogen in the hydroxyl group. Organic compounds that contain hydroxyl group deprotonates readily.

(ii) Compounds with halogen group have the formula R-X where X is halogen. Compounds with halogen groups undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions and elimination reactions easily.

(iii) Compounds with hydrocarbyl groups have the formula R(CH2)nH for alkanes, R2C=CR2 for alkenes, RC≡CR' for alkynes and RC6H5 for benzene. The hydrocarbyl group contains only carbon and hydrogen.

(iv) Compounds with carboxyl groups have the formula R-COOH. The carboxyl group contains carbon which is bonded with oxygen and oxygen is bonded with hydrogen.